Gauge refers to the number of stitches and rows you make per inch or 4 inches, usually measured in a swatch. Tension is the term more commonly used in the UK.
Gauge is a crucial measurement because it affects the size and fit of your finished project. Making a swatch, checking it, and adjusting before starting your project can save time, yarn, and frustration.
- Stitch gauge = number of stitches across a set width (usually 4 inches / 10 cm)
- Row gauge = number of rows down a set length (usually 4 inches / 10 cm)
- Ensures your finished item matches the pattern dimensions.
- Avoids projects that are too small or too big.
- Helps with consistency when using different yarns or hooks.
- Critical for garments, toys (amigurumi), and fitted items.
- Use the yarn and hook recommended in the pattern.
- Crochet a sample swatch, usually about 4”x4” (10x10 cm).
- Lay your swatch flat (don’t stretch).
- Measure stitches and rows within the 4” square.
- Adjust hook size if your gauge is off:
- Too many stitches = use larger hook.
- Too few stitches = use smaller hook.
- Hold your yarn comfortably — not too tight or loose.
- Practice stitches evenly.
- Use the same hook type and size throughout.
- Avoid changing tension mid-project.
- Wash and block your swatch to see true size.
| Yarn Weight | Recommended Hook Size (mm) | Gauge (Stitches x Rows per 4”) |
|---|
| Lace / Fingering | 1.6 – 2.25 mm | 24 – 32 sts, 32 – 40 rows |
| Super Fine / Sock | 2.25 – 3.5 mm | 21 – 32 sts, 28 – 36 rows |
| Fine / Sport | 3.5 – 4.5 mm | 18 – 24 sts, 24 – 32 rows |
| Light / DK | 4.5 – 5.5 mm | 16 – 20 sts, 22 – 30 rows |
| Medium / Worsted | 5.5 – 6.5 mm | 14 – 16 sts, 18 – 24 rows |
| Bulky / Chunky | 6.5 – 9 mm | 12 – 14 sts, 16 – 20 rows |
| Super Bulky | 9 – 12 mm | 10 – 12 sts, 12 – 16 rows |
| Jumbo / Roving | 12 mm and up | 6 – 10 sts, 10 – 14 rows |
| Gauge | Stitches (per 4”) | Rows (per 4”) | Hook Size (mm) | Yarn Weight |
|---|
| Pattern gauge | 16 | 20 | 5.0 | DK (Light) |
| Your swatch | 18 | 22 | 5.0 | DK (Light) |
| Result | Too tight | Too many sts | Try larger hook | |
| Problem | Solution |
|---|
| Too many stitches | Use bigger hook |
| Too few stitches | Use smaller hook |
| Rows too tall or short | Adjust tension or hook size |
| Inconsistent tension | Practice and relax hands |