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US crochet abbreviations

Author: Crochetly · Last updated: May 16, 2026

Sources: Craft Yarn Council

Need to decode a US crochet pattern? This reference covers the standard US abbreviations from sc (single crochet) to trtr (triple treble crochet), organized by category.

Designers and publishers sometimes use special abbreviations in a pattern. Always check the pattern’s key before you start.

What are the most common US crochet abbreviations?

Section titled “What are the most common US crochet abbreviations?”

US patterns use sc (single crochet), hdc (half double crochet), dc (double crochet), and tr (treble crochet) as the core stitches. This master table covers every standard abbreviation from alt to yoh.

AbbreviationDescription (US terminology)
altalternate
approxapproximately
begbegin/beginning
betbetween
BL or BLOback loop or back loop only
bobobble
BPback post
BPdcback post double crochet
BPdtrback post double treble crochet
BPhdcback post half double crochet
BPscback post single crochet
BPtrback post treble crochet
CCcontrasting color
chchain stitch
ch-refer to chain or space previously made
ch-spchain space
CLcluster
contcontinue
dcdouble crochet
dc2togdouble crochet 2 stitches together
decdecrease
dtrdouble treble crochet
edcextended double crochet
ehdcextended half double crochet
escextended single crochet
etrextended treble crochet
FL or FLOfront loop or front loop only
follfollowing
FPfront post
FPdcfront post double crochet
FPdtrfront post double treble crochet
FPhdcfront post half double crochet
FPscfront post single crochet
FPtrfront post treble crochet
hdchalf double crochet
hdc2toghalf double crochet 2 stitches together
incincrease
lploop
mmarker
MCmain color
pat or pattpattern
pcpopcorn stitch
pmplace marker
prevprevious
ps or puffpuff stitch
remremaining
reprepeat
rndround
RSright side
scsingle crochet
sc2togsingle crochet 2 stitches together
shshell
skskip
sl stslip stitch
sm or sl mslip marker
spspace
ststitch
tblthrough back loop
tch or t-chturning chain
togtogether
trtreble crochet
tr2togtreble crochet 2 stitches together
trtrtriple treble crochet
WSwrong side
yoyarn over
yohyarn over hook

What are the US foundation and construction terms?

Section titled “What are the US foundation and construction terms?”

beg means begin/beginning, inc means increase, dec means decrease, and rep means repeat. These terms describe how a project is structured.

US AbbreviationDescription
altalternate
approxapproximately
begbegin/beginning
betbetween
contcontinue
follfollowing
incincrease
decdecrease
prevprevious
remremaining
reprepeat
rndround
RSright side
WSwrong side

What are the US terms for stitch loops and placement?

Section titled “What are the US terms for stitch loops and placement?”

FL/FLO is front loop only, BL/BLO is back loop only, tbl is through back loop, and sk means skip. These specify where exactly to insert your hook.

US AbbreviationDescription
chchain stitch
ch-refer to chain or space previously made
ch-spchain space
lploop
spspace
ststitch
skskip
tblthrough back loop
FL or FLOfront loop or front loop only
BL or BLOback loop or back loop only
yoyarn over
yohyarn over hook
tch or t-chturning chain

What are the US abbreviations for markers and color?

Section titled “What are the US abbreviations for markers and color?”

m is marker, pm is place marker, MC is main color, CC is contrasting color. These help you track your place and manage color changes.

US AbbreviationDescription
mmarker
pmplace marker
sm or sl mslip marker
CCcontrasting color
MCmain color

US stitches scale by height: sc (single crochet), hdc (half double), dc (double), tr (treble), dtr (double treble), trtr (triple treble). Each additional yarn over creates a taller stitch.

US AbbreviationDescription
scsingle crochet
hdchalf double crochet
dcdouble crochet
trtreble crochet
dtrdouble treble crochet
trtrtriple treble crochet

How do US patterns express increases and decreases?

Section titled “How do US patterns express increases and decreases?”

sc2tog, hdc2tog, dc2tog, and tr2tog mean working 2 stitches together to decrease. inc means increase by working multiple stitches into the same stitch.

US AbbreviationDescription
sc2togsingle crochet 2 stitches together
hdc2toghalf double crochet 2 stitches together
dc2togdouble crochet 2 stitches together
tr2togtreble crochet 2 stitches together
togtogether

What are the US abbreviations for special stitches?

Section titled “What are the US abbreviations for special stitches?”

bo is bobble, CL is cluster, pc is popcorn, ps/puff is puff stitch, sh is shell, and sl st is slip stitch. These decorative stitches each have a distinct abbreviation.

US AbbreviationDescription
bobobble
CLcluster
pcpopcorn stitch
ps or puffpuff stitch
shshell
sl stslip stitch

What are the US back post stitch abbreviations?

Section titled “What are the US back post stitch abbreviations?”

BPsc, BPhdc, BPdc, BPtr, and BPdtr work the stitch around the back post of a previous row. Post stitches create texture and ribbing.

US AbbreviationDescription
BPback post
BPscback post single crochet
BPhdcback post half double crochet
BPdcback post double crochet
BPtrback post treble crochet
BPdtrback post double treble crochet

What are the US front post stitch abbreviations?

Section titled “What are the US front post stitch abbreviations?”

FPsc, FPhdc, FPdc, FPtr, and FPdtr work the stitch around the front post of a previous row. Combined with back post stitches, these create a variety of textured patterns.

US AbbreviationDescription
FPfront post
FPscfront post single crochet
FPhdcfront post half double crochet
FPdcfront post double crochet
FPtrfront post treble crochet
FPdtrfront post double treble crochet

What are the US extended stitch abbreviations?

Section titled “What are the US extended stitch abbreviations?”

esc (extended single crochet), ehdc (extended half double), edc (extended double), and etr (extended treble) add an extra chain to each stitch. Extended stitches are taller and looser than standard stitches.

US AbbreviationDescription
escextended single crochet
ehdcextended half double crochet
edcextended double crochet
etrextended treble crochet

How do US crochet terms convert to UK English?

Section titled “How do US crochet terms convert to UK English?”

US sc (single crochet) = UK dc (double crochet). US dc (double crochet) = UK tr (treble crochet). Stitch name confusion between US and UK is the most common issue for crocheters, so use this table to convert.

This table lists the equivalent stitch names between US and UK crochet terminology. Use this as a handy reference when converting patterns or instructions.

US TermUK Equivalent
slip stitch sl stslip stitch sl st
single crochet scdouble crochet dc
half double crochet hdchalf treble crochet htr
double crochet dctreble crochet tr
treble crochet trdouble treble crochet dtr
double treble crochettriple treble crochet
triple treble crochetquadruple treble crochet
yarn over yoyarn over yo

⚠️ Note: Stitch names are the most common source of confusion between UK and US patterns. Always check which terminology a pattern uses before starting.